For dextran shell crosslinking with epichlorohydrin, a two-step procedure was used as described before (35 (link)). For modification of dextran hydroxyls, SPIO NWs prepared at low dextran/Fe ratio (3 g dextran per 133.4 mg Fe salts), or the corresponding crosslinked CL-NWs were washed by ultracentrifugation in anhydrous DMSO two times and resuspended in anhydrous DMSO at 5.0 mg/mL (Fe concentration) in a borosilicate glass vial in the presence of 1 mg/mL of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Then, 2 mg/mL of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetyl chloride or 2 mg/mL of 2-methoxyethoxymethyl chloride were added to the nanoparticles under stirring. Nanoparticles were incubated under nitrogen atmosphere with stirring at 37°C overnight, washed 3× in DMSO, 2× in DDW by ultracentrifugation, and resuspended in PBS for complement measurement. For modification with acetic anhydride, chloroacetic acid, or chloroethanesulfonic acid, CL-NWs were resuspended in DDW at 5 mg/mL (Fe concentration), stirred for 30 min in 2N NaOH solution, and then reacted with acetic anhydride (5% v/v), chloroacetic acid (5 mg/mL), or chloroethanesulfonic acid (5 mg/mL) at 37°C overnight with stirring. The particles were washed by ultracentrifugation and resuspended in PBS.
Synthesis and Modification of Nanoworms
For dextran shell crosslinking with epichlorohydrin, a two-step procedure was used as described before (35 (link)). For modification of dextran hydroxyls, SPIO NWs prepared at low dextran/Fe ratio (3 g dextran per 133.4 mg Fe salts), or the corresponding crosslinked CL-NWs were washed by ultracentrifugation in anhydrous DMSO two times and resuspended in anhydrous DMSO at 5.0 mg/mL (Fe concentration) in a borosilicate glass vial in the presence of 1 mg/mL of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Then, 2 mg/mL of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetyl chloride or 2 mg/mL of 2-methoxyethoxymethyl chloride were added to the nanoparticles under stirring. Nanoparticles were incubated under nitrogen atmosphere with stirring at 37°C overnight, washed 3× in DMSO, 2× in DDW by ultracentrifugation, and resuspended in PBS for complement measurement. For modification with acetic anhydride, chloroacetic acid, or chloroethanesulfonic acid, CL-NWs were resuspended in DDW at 5 mg/mL (Fe concentration), stirred for 30 min in 2N NaOH solution, and then reacted with acetic anhydride (5% v/v), chloroacetic acid (5 mg/mL), or chloroethanesulfonic acid (5 mg/mL) at 37°C overnight with stirring. The particles were washed by ultracentrifugation and resuspended in PBS.
Corresponding Organization : University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
Other organizations : Union Hospital, Jilin University, University of Colorado Denver, University of Copenhagen, Durham University
Protocol cited in 7 other protocols
Variable analysis
- Ratio of dextran and iron salts in the reaction
- Size and zeta potential of nanoworms (NWs)
- Visualization of the iron oxide core using TEM
- Molar ratio between Fe^2+ and Fe^3+
- Reaction conditions for dextran shell crosslinking (two-step procedure)
- Modifications of dextran hydroxyls (using 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetyl chloride, 2-methoxyethoxymethyl chloride, acetic anhydride, chloroacetic acid, or chloroethanesulfonic acid)
- Positive control: Not mentioned
- Negative control: Not mentioned
Annotations
Based on most similar protocols
As authors may omit details in methods from publication, our AI will look for missing critical information across the 5 most similar protocols.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!