SA-β-gal staining was performed as previously described (Wu et al., 2018 (link)). In brief, cells were fixed in fixation buffer (2% formaldehyde and 0.2% glutaraldehyde) for 5 min at RT and stained with fresh SA-β-gal staining solution [150 mmol/L NaCl, 2 mmol/L MgCl2, 40 mmol/L citric acid/Na phosphate buffer, 5 mmol/L K3(Fe[CN]6), 5 mmol/L K4(Fe[CN]6), 1 mg/mL X-gal (AMRESCO, 0428-25G)] at 37°C overnight in the dark. Images were captured using a digital camera combined with an optical microscope (Olympus) and the percentage of SA-β-gal-positive cells was determined with ImageJ.
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