Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy

In the subsequent experiments, Ang II at 600 nM was used to induce cell hypertrophy. H9c2 cells were randomly allocated into four different groups: Control, Ang II, Ang II + quercetin (331 μM) [36 (link)], and Ang II + rutin (50 µM) [38 (link)]. The cells were treated with Ang II alone or in combination with either quercetin or rutin for 24 h. The final DMSO concentration used as a vehicle for quercetin and rutin was less than 0.1% [19 (link)]. The concentration of the flavonoids was selected according to the effective concentration reported to reduce cell hypertrophy and cardiac injury in H9c2 cells [36 (link),38 (link)]. Both quercetin (Q4951) and rutin (R5143) were commercially obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).