PCR for sex determination was done as previously described (Kwan et al., 2020 (link)). Briefly, DNA was isolated and PCR was performed using the Platinum Taq DNA Polymerase PCR kit (Catalog #10966–034, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Primers for the Sry gene were forward: 5′-TGGGACTGGTGACAATTGTC-3′, reverse: 5′-GAGTACAGGTGTGCAGCTCT-3′ (Integrated DNA Technologies, Coralville, IA). The bands at 402bp for the Sry amplicon were visualized using the BioRad Molecular Imager Gel Doc XR+ Imaging System (BioRad, Hercules, CA).