Synthesis and Formulation of Psychoactive Drugs

(+)-Methamphetamine HCl, (±)-methylphenidate HCl, and (±)-mecamylamine HCl were provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse Drug Supply Program (Bethesda, MD). Bruce Blough (RTI) synthesized (±)-bupropion HCl, 2S,3S-hydroxybupropion HCl and 2R,3R-hydroxybupropion HCl, using previously described methods (Lukas et al., 2010 (link)). (−)-Nicotine hydrogen bitartrate salt (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) was dissolved in sterile water and sodium hydroxide was added to the solution to reach a pH of approximately 5-7. Risperidone (Sigma Aldrich) was dissolved in 2% lactic acid (85% w/w; Sigma Aldrich) and sodium hydroxide was added to reach a pH of approximately 5-6. All other drugs, including varenicline tartrate (Sigma Aldrich) were dissolved in sterile water. All drug doses are expressed as the salt forms listed above, except for nicotine and Risperidone, which were expressed as the base. Nicotine doses were expressed as the free base by multiplying the bitartrate dose by 0.325 (Matta et al., 2007 (link)).

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Banks M.L., Smith D.A, & Blough B.E. (2016). Methamphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of bupropion and its two hydroxy metabolites in male rhesus monkeys. Behavioural pharmacology, 27(2-3 Spec Iss), 196-203.

Publication 2016

(−)-Nicotine hydrogen bitartrate salt Risperidone lactic acid varenicline tartrate

Bupropion hcl Drug Hydrogen Hydroxybupropion Lactic acid Mecamylamine Methamphetamine Methylphenidate hcl Nicotine Nicotine bitartrate Risperidone Salt Sodium hydroxide Sterile Varenicline tartrate

Corresponding Organization :

Other organizations : Research Triangle Park Foundation, Virginia Commonwealth University, RTI International

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Variable analysis

independent variables

(+)-Methamphetamine HCl
(±)-Methylphenidate HCl
(±)-Mecamylamine HCl
(±)-Bupropion HCl
2S,3S-Hydroxybupropion HCl
2R,3R-Hydroxybupropion HCl
(−)-Nicotine hydrogen bitartrate salt
Risperidone
Varenicline tartrate

dependent variables

Not explicitly mentioned

control variables

Sterile water
2% lactic acid (85% w/w)
Sodium hydroxide

positive controls

Not explicitly mentioned

negative controls

Not explicitly mentioned

Annotations

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