Determination of Total Phenolic Content

TPC was determined according to Ferreira et al. (2023) [36 (link)]. In a microplate, 30 µL of each extract (Section 3.6) was mixed with 150 µL of Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent (1:10) and 120 µL of 7.5% (m/V) Na₂CO₃. The microplate was incubated at 45 °C for 15 min, followed by 30 min at room temperature (RT), light-protected. The sample’s absorbance was measured in a microplate reader (Synergy HT GENS5, BioTek Instruments, Inc., Winooski, VT, USA) at 765 nm. A gallic acid calibration curve (y = 0.009x + 0.006, R² = 0.999, 5–100 mg/L) was used for quantification. Results are expressed in g of GAE/100 g of sample in fw and dw.