Evaluating Salinomycin's Antiviral Effects

Vero cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and maintained at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO₂ incubator. The PEDV live-attenuated strain Zhejiang08 was preserved in our laboratory [14 (link)]. Salinomycin was purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, USA), and diluted to 10 mM in DMSO. Antibodies against phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204), Erk1/2, phospho-p38MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182), p38MAPK, phospho-JNK((Thr183/Tyr185), JNK, GAPDH and HRP labeled secondary antibodies, including goat anti-mouse IgG and goat anti-rabbit IgG, were sourced from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA).