At 24 h following transfection, THP-1 cells were washed with Hank's balanced salt solution (Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.) before the culture medium was replaced with fresh RPMI-1640 medium. A final concentration of 1 µg/ml LPS (Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA) was subsequently added into the culture medium, followed by incubation for a further 3 h. The cells were then collected for the measurement of IRAK1 and p68 expression, whilst the supernatant of the culture medium was collected for the measurement of cytokine levels, as described previously (15 (link)). The cells were divided into the following experimental groups: Blank control, no RNA transfection or LPS treatment; LPS group, treated with LPS only; mimic group, miR-146 amimic+LPS; NC mimic group, NC mimic + LPS; inhibitor group, miR-146a inhibitor + LPS; and inhibitor NC group, inhibitor NC + LPS.