oeNC- or oeFGF23-infected cells were seeded into 6-well plates (5x105 cells/well) and divided into the following groups: OeNC, cells infected with oeNC; oeFGF23, cells infected with oeFGF23; LY294002, cells infected with oeNC and incubated with 10 µM LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor; MedChemExpress) at 37˚C for 12 h (19 (link)); and oeFGF23 + LY294002, cells infected with oeFGF23 and incubated with 10 µM LY294002 at 37˚C for 12 h. Primary neurons without infection or inhibitor treatment were used as the control group. The primary neurons in all groups were then stimulated with 100 µM H2O2 for 24 h at 37˚C. Finally, the cells were harvested for RT-qPCR, western blotting and apoptosis analysis.