Quantification of Inflammatory Mediators

Concentrations of inflammatory mediators were determined in the plasma and CSF samples of all 107 subjects, as previously reported [43 (link)]. A multiplex bead array quantified concentrations of IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, TNFα, CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL10/IP-10, IGFBP1, and IGFBP2 (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Samples were diluted until the final concentrations were within the linear range of detection for the assay. Progranulin was measured by ELISA (DY2420, R&D Systems), as reported [43 (link)]. All samples were tested in duplicate and concentrations interpolated from a standard curve constructed by four-parameter fitting of internal standards.