Acetic acid, citric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and deionized water purchased are of analytical grade. The waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) were gathered from the scrap market. RAM, chip slots, and PCI slots that were attached to PCBs were physically removed, and they were then sliced into 3 × 3 cm pieces. To remove any dirt, oil, chemicals, adhesives, smears, etc., the WPCB samples were then washed and rinsed with distilled water and acetone. They were allowed to dry for 24 h at room temperature.
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