Western Blot Analysis of Apoptosis Markers

Western blot analysis was performed as described previously [42 (link)]. Antibodies against full-length and cleaved caspase-9 (PA5-17913, Invitrogen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA), full-length and cleaved caspase-3 (9662, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), full-length and cleaved PARP (9542, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Mcl-1 (4572, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Bcl-2 (ab182858, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), Bcl-X_L (2762S, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), p53 (sc-126, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, Texas, USA ) and NOXA (ab13654, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) were diluted 1:1000. Secondary antibodies against rabbit IgG (A0545, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MI, USA) were diluted 1:10,000 and secondary antibodies against mouse IgG (A9044, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MI, USA) were diluted 1:10,000.