C57BL/10 (no. 000476), mdx mice (C57BL/10ScSn-Dmdmdx/J) (no. 001801), and mdx mice in the DBA2/J background (D2-mdx) (no. 013141) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. CD45.1 congenic mice (no. 002014) were also obtained from The Jackson Laboratory and crossed with mdx mice at the UCI. B6A/J (no. 012767) and C57BL/6 mice (no. 000664) were bred in vivariums at Children’s National Hospital. VCP (77 (link)) and double homeobox 4 (DUX4) (78 (link)) mice were provided by collaborators at the UCI and Ohio State University, respectively. Animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of UCI and performed under Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee guidelines.
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