Tissues were lysed with RIPA lysis buffer containing protease and phosphatase inhibitors (Thermo Fisher Scientific, United States), and protein lysates were resolved by SDS-PAGE gels (Thermo Fisher Scientific, United States), blotted onto PVDF membranes (Roche, Switzerland) for analysis, and incubated overnight at 4°C with anti-CASP9 antibody (1:1,000 dilution; proteintech, China) and anti-ACTB antibody (1:2000 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology, United States). Data analysis was performed using Image J software.
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