Athymic nude (Nu/Nu) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratories and maintained under sterile conditions in cage micro-isolators according to approved IACUC guidelines. Parental HCT116 and HuR knockout clones 1 and 2 (2 × 106 cells) used between passages 14 – 23 were resuspended in PBS containing 50% Matrigel (Corning) and injected into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue. Tumor growth was assayed as described (28 (link),30 (link)).