For this study, specimens were collected alive from Iran (Zamani et al., 2021 ). The Agelena labyrinthica was photographed with a camera. The specimens were kept under suitable conditions, humidity (60%), and temperature (25°C) and fed by crickets and mealworms. The specimens were identified using the taxonomic keys (Nentwig et al., 2017 ). Epigyne of the female specimen was visualized with a stereoscope.
Female spiders were separated to extract the venom. Specimens were anesthetized with CO2 in a small chamber, and the opisthosoma and carapace were removed under the stereoscope. The fangs and venom glands of the female specimen were visualized by a loop. Venom glands were collected into 4°C Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were prepared in the laboratory with this recipe (137 mM NaCl, 3 mM KCl, 10 mM Na2PO4, 2 mM KH2PO4, and pH 7.4) and gently crushed with a glass stirrer for 30 min. Then, pieces of the venom gland were removed from the solution by centrifugation at 13,000 rpm for 30 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was lyophilized and stored at −70°C. Protein concentration was measured by Bradford assay with bovine serum albumin as standard protein.
Female spiders were separated to extract the venom. Specimens were anesthetized with CO2 in a small chamber, and the opisthosoma and carapace were removed under the stereoscope. The fangs and venom glands of the female specimen were visualized by a loop. Venom glands were collected into 4°C Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were prepared in the laboratory with this recipe (137 mM NaCl, 3 mM KCl, 10 mM Na2PO4, 2 mM KH2PO4, and pH 7.4) and gently crushed with a glass stirrer for 30 min. Then, pieces of the venom gland were removed from the solution by centrifugation at 13,000 rpm for 30 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was lyophilized and stored at −70°C. Protein concentration was measured by Bradford assay with bovine serum albumin as standard protein.
Free full text: Click here
