The thyrotoxicosis rat model was induced by daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of levothyroxine (T4, 100 µg/kg/day) for 28 days35 (link).
Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups of 15: (I) a Control group receiving corn oil vehicle (2 mL/kg/day; p.o.), (II) a cardiac hyperthyroid (CH) group receiving T4 (100 µg/kg/day, i.p.) plus corn oil (2 mL/kg/day, p.o.), (III) a cardiac hyperthyroid plus sacubitril/valsartan (CH + LCZ696) group receiving T4 (100 µg/kg/day, i.p.) for 28 days followed by LCZ696 (60 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, and (IV) a cardiac hyperthyroid plus valsartan group (CH + VAL) receiving T4 (100 µg/kg/day, i.p.) for 28 days15 (link) followed by valsartan (30 mg/kg/day) for 14 days13 (link).
At the end of the treatment period, animals were weighed using an electronic balance (BXX 40; BOECO, Germany) and then anesthetized. Hemodynamic parameters were measured under anesthesia using the Power Lab data acquisition and analysis system (AD Instruments, Australia). The thorax was then opened and the heart rapidly removed, weighed, and processed for molecular, histological, or biochemical assessments as described.
Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups of 15: (I) a Control group receiving corn oil vehicle (2 mL/kg/day; p.o.), (II) a cardiac hyperthyroid (CH) group receiving T4 (100 µg/kg/day, i.p.) plus corn oil (2 mL/kg/day, p.o.), (III) a cardiac hyperthyroid plus sacubitril/valsartan (CH + LCZ696) group receiving T4 (100 µg/kg/day, i.p.) for 28 days followed by LCZ696 (60 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, and (IV) a cardiac hyperthyroid plus valsartan group (CH + VAL) receiving T4 (100 µg/kg/day, i.p.) for 28 days15 (link) followed by valsartan (30 mg/kg/day) for 14 days13 (link).
At the end of the treatment period, animals were weighed using an electronic balance (BXX 40; BOECO, Germany) and then anesthetized. Hemodynamic parameters were measured under anesthesia using the Power Lab data acquisition and analysis system (AD Instruments, Australia). The thorax was then opened and the heart rapidly removed, weighed, and processed for molecular, histological, or biochemical assessments as described.
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