Deionized water was prepared using Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore). Acetonitrile and methanol were LC-MS grade and obtained from VWR (West Sussex, UK) and Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK), respectively. All analytical standards and chemicals including ammonium carbonate were purchased from either Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK) or Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK) unless otherwise stated. For metabolite identification, 5 mixtures containing 268 authentic standards were prepared in methanol:water (1:1) and were used for the identification of the metabolites as detailed elsewhere (Abdelrazig et al., 2020 (link)).
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