For the negative-stain sample, a volume of 5 μl of SARS-CoV-2 S-ACE2 sample was placed on a plasma-cleaned copper grid for 1 minute. Excess sample on the grid was blotted off using filter paper, and a volume of 5 μl of 0.75% uranyl formate (UF) (Sigma-Aldrich) was added to wash the grid. After blotting, another volume of 5 μl of 0.75% UF was placed on the grid again for 1 minute to stain. Grids were visualized under a Tecnai G2 Spirit 120-kV transmission electron microscope (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and micrographs were taken using an Eagle camera with a nominal magnification of 67,000 ×, yielding a pixel size of 1.74 Å. A total of 41,827 particles were autopicked in EMAN2 (48 (link)). After 2D classification, we selected good averages with 13,047 particles for initial model building, which were performed in Relion 3.0 (49 (link)).