The FITC dextran assay was conducted as previously described [41 (link),42 (link)]. Briefly, food and water were removed from mice for 4 h followed by oral gavage with 500 mg/kg FITC dextran (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) reconstituted in sterile PBS. Mice were euthanized and blood collected via cardiac puncture. The FITC dextran levels in the serum were measured using a fluorimeter (Agilent BioTek Synergy LX, Santa Clara, CA, USA), and the concentration was calculated using an FITC standard curve.
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