Genetically Modified Mouse Phenotyping

Samples from 16-week old male WT and genetically modified mice designed with deletion alleles on the C57BL/6 N Taconic;C57BL/6 N background were generated as part of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute’s (WTSI) Mouse Genetics Project, part of the IMPC (http://www.mousephenotype.org). Details on back-crossing status, health status, administered drug and procedures, husbandry and specific conditions (including housing, food, temperature, and cage conditions) have been reported previously^{102 (link),103 (link)} with the exception that temperature was 21 ± 2 °C, humidity was 55 ± 10%, the diet used was Mouse Breeder Diet 5021 (Labdiet, London, UK) and the IMPReSS screen had four fewer tests (hair phenotyping, open field, hot plate, and stress-induced hypothermia). Further details available on request. Mouse strains, genotypes, and Research Resource Identifiers are included in Supplementary Data 12. Samples from male mice were used for the OBCD joint phenotyping pipeline and samples from females were used for the OBCD bone-phenotyping pipeline. The rationale that justified this approach was that (i) the gold standard DMM surgical provocation model for osteoarthritis is 100% penetrant in male mice but has variable penetrance in females^{24 ,99} , and (ii) the ovariectomy provocation model for post-menopausal osteoporosis can only be performed in females.