All procedures involving living animals were carried out in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of the US Department of Health and Human Services and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at University of California, Santa Barbara. We used GCaMP6s and Thy1-GFP Line O (Jackson Labs stock #007919) transgenic mice in this study. GCaMP6s transgenic mice were generated by triple crossing of TITL-GCaMP6s mice, Emx1-Cre mice (Jackson Labs stock #005628) and ROSA:LNL:tTA mice (Jackson Labs stock #011008)26 (link). TITL-GCaMP6s mice were kindly provided by Allen institute. Mice were housed in 12 h dark/light reverse cycle room. The temperature set-point is 74–76 F; the low-temperature alarm is 70 F; the high-temperature alarm is 78 F. The relative humidity is ~45% (range 30–70%). Mice were deeply anesthetized using isoflurane (1.5–2%) augmented with acepromazine (2 mg/kg body weight) during craniotomy surgery. Carpofen (5 mg/kg body weight) was administered prior to surgery, as well as after surgery for 3 consecutive days. A 5 mm diameter cranial window was implanted after removing the scalp overlaying the right visual cortex.
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