The recombinant antigens were prepared as previously described [11 (link)]. Briefly, the genes that encode antigens EtsC, OmpA, OmpT, and TraT were PCR amplified from χ7122 (etsC, ompT, traT) and RS218 (ompA) strains using primers found in S1 Table, and then cloned into pET-101/D-TOPO® vectors (Invitrogen). The sequence and the orientation of the genes in the plasmids were verified by sequencing. Recombinant proteins were produced in E. coli BL21, purified via His-tag using ProBond Ni-NTA resin columns (Invitrogen), and then endotoxin was removed using Pierce endotoxin removal spin columns (Thermo Scientific).
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