Measuring Murine Glucose Homeostasis

Body weight and blood glucose level were measured weekly. Mice were fasted for 6 h and fasting blood glucose was measured from tail vein blood with an Accuchek glucometer (Abbott Diabetes Care) as described^{23 (link)}. For plasma hormone assay, blood was harvested from orbital venous sinus of fasted mice and measured by Ultrasensitive insulin ELISA kit and glucagon ELISA kit, respectively (Crystal Chem). For total pancreatic hormone contents, whole pancreas was harvested and homogenized in cold acid–ethanol (1.5% HCl in 70% EtOH) overnight at − 20 °C^{30 (link)}. Pancreatic insulin and glucagon content were then measured by insulin and glucagon ELISA kits (Mercodia), respectively and normalized by pancreatic weight.