SIU will achieve its aims through 4 primary study protocols (ATN 144 SMART: Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial; ATN 145 YMHP: Young Men’s Health Project; ATN 146 TMI: Tailored Motivational Interviewing Intervention; ATN 156 We Test: Couples' Communication and HIV Testing) [16 (link)-18 (link)], 2 center-wide protocols (ATN 153 EPIS and ATN 154 Cascade Monitoring; Carcone et al, under review, and Pennar et al, under review), and 3 cross-project initiatives. A substantial amount of literature underscores the importance of shortening the time from conceptualization of a research idea to service delivery. This concern has led to the development of effectiveness- implementation hybrid designs to facilitate the transition of promising interventions into practice [19 (link)]. Type 1 hybrid designs maintain a primary focus on a rigorous evaluation of the intervention but also gather data that will inform a subsequent implementation program. Type 2 hybrids place a dual focus on assessing the effectiveness of the intervention and evaluating the implementation strategy. Type 3 hybrid designs also focus on the implementation strategy and its effect of adaption and fidelity, but, in addition, assess patient-level or subject-level outcomes such as symptoms or disease progression [19 (link),20 (link)]. The 4 SIU primary study protocols include 2 Type 1 hybrids, 1 Type 2 hybrid, and 1 Type 3 hybrid. Two additional center-wide protocols measure contextual factors and cascade outcomes across the primary studies, and the 3 cross-project initiatives address cost-effectiveness, self-management constructs, and communication science within each protocol (Figure 1).
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