Gut Microbiome and Colorectal Cancer

Animal studies were approved by the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and Oklahoma City VA Health Care System animal care and use committees. Specific pathogen-free Il10^-/- mice (The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA) were colonized with E. faecalis OG1RFSS (n = 7) or PBS sham (n = 7) as previously described [16 (link)]. Mice were necropsied after 9 months of colonization and colons fixed in 10% formalin. Normal human colon tissue arrays were purchased from US Biomax (Rockville, MD, USA). De-identified tissue blocks for human colon biopsies including hyperplastic colons (n = 30), tubular adenomas (n = 30), and invasive colorectal carcinomas (n = 30) were collected at the Oklahoma City VA Health Care System under a study approved by the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Institutional Review Board and local Research and Development Committee.