Echocardiographic Assessment of LV Function

Echocardiographic assessment was performed as previously described assess the relevant heart’s actions^{43 (link)}. Briefly, the LV function in C57BL/6 J mice was conducted just before sacrifice using the Acuson Sequoia C512 system equipped with a 15L8 linear array transducer with 30 MHz. Mice were anesthetized with 1.5% isoflurane mixed with oxygen and placed in a supine position on a heating pad. Short-axis measurements were used to capture M-mode tracing at the level of the papillary muscles with a 25-mm signal depth. Three to six consecutive cardiac cycles were measured using M-mode tracings with the accompanying software.