Blood glucose was measured with a portable blood glucose measuring instrument (FreeStyle Optium H, Abbott Laboratories).22 (link) Diabetes was defined as having a high plasma-equivalent blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher (to convert to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0555)23 (link) or reporting yes when asked, “Are you currently taking a prescribed medicine to lower blood glucose?” We adopted a cutoff of 200 mg/dL instead of the general cutoff of 126 mg/dL because random blood glucose measurements were taken, meaning that fasting before the test was not required.24 (link)
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