Hand-picked islets were washed once with PBS and then resuspended in RIPA lysis buffer containing protease inhibitors and phosphatase inhibitors cocktails (Sigma) as described32 (link). Islets were lysed by repeated pipetting or triturating through a 30G syringe needle. Lysates were resolved on a 4–12% NuPAGE Bis-Tris gel, and then electrotransferred to nitrocellulose membrane for western blotting. Antibodies used were mouse anti-proinsulin (ALPCO), guinea pig anti-insulin (Covance), and mouse anti-vinculin (Millipore). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc., with protein visualized by ECL (Millipore).
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