Electrochemical experiments were realized using a potentiostat/bipotentiostat model μStat 400 from DropSens (Oviedo, Spain) and a PGSTAT-100 N potentiostat from Metrohm-Autolab (Utrecht, Netherlands). The BIA cell was combined with an electronic micropipette model E3 and Combitips® advanced (100 µL) purchased from Eppendorf (Hamburg, Germany). The distance from the electronic micropipette tip to the electrochemical cell was set at ~ 2 mm [21 , 23 (link), 28 (link)]. All electrochemical experiments were realized at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C).