Infected cells were detected and isolated as described previously [37 (link)]. Briefly, the PBMCs obtained from patients were isolated by density gradient centrifugation using Separate-L (Muto Pure Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) and were sorted into CD19-, CD4-, CD8-, or CD56-positive fractions using antibody-conjugated magnetic beads (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; 130-050-301, 130-045-101, 130-045-201, 130-090-875). After that, the EBV DNA levels in each fraction were evaluated by real-time PCR using the TaqMan System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) [38 (link)].
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