6–8 week old male C57Bl/6 mice (Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME) were group-housed in cages in a temperature-controlled vivarium (22±2° C) on a 12-h light/dark schedule at the University of Cincinnati. Animals were randomly assigned to either chow diet (Teklad; Harlan, Madison, WI), high-fat (HF) fed group - Surwit diet, 58 kcal % fat(Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ) or high-fat high-carbohydrate (HFHC) fed the Surwit diet and drinking water enriched with high fructose corn syrup equivalent. A total of 42 g/L of carbohydrates was mixed in drinking water at a ratio of 55% Fructose (Acros Organics, Morris Plains, NJ) and 45% Sucrose by weight (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Animals were provided ad-libitum access to these diets for 16 weeks. Body weights were measured weekly while percent body fat was measured at 12 weeks using Echo MRI (Echo Medical Systems, Houston, TX) All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center.