Total RNA was extracted from colon ME and M/SM tissues, and from CBT-labeled colon specific DRG neurons by using the Qiagen RNeasy kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). One microgram of total RNA was reverse-transcribed with the SuperScript III First-Strand Synthesis System (Invitrogen) for quantitative RT-PCR with the Applied Biosystems 7000 real-time PCR system (Foster City, CA) [22 , 25 (link), 27 (link), 39 (link), 50 ]. The assay IDs for TaqMan detection of rat NGF, Nav1.6, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 mRNAs are Rn01533872_m1, Rn00591020_m1, Rn00570506_m1, Rn00568393_m1, and Rn00570487_m1, respectively (Applied Biosystems). For relative quantification of mRNA expression, real-time qPCR was performed with 40 ng of cDNA for the target gene and for the endogenous control 18S rRNA (Part no. 4352930E, Applied Biosystems).