In order to evaluate gene expression, some follicles in all of the study groups were collected in three replicates (15 follicles in each replicate) at day 12 of culture. Total RNA was extracted from each group using a TRIzol reagent extraction method (Invitrogen, Paisley, UK). The RNA concentration was determined by spectrophotometry and adjusted to a concentration of 400 ng/ml. Using oligo dT, RNA was reverse transcribed by Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase. Sequences for gene-specific PCNA, FSHR, and GAPDH primers were as follows: PCNA forward: AGGAGGCGGTAACCATAG, PCNA reverse: ACTCTACAACAAGGGGCACATC; FSHR forward: CCAGGCTGAGTCGTAGCATC, FSHR reverse: GGCGGCAAACCTCTGAACT; and GAPDH forward: GGAAAAGAGCCTAGGGCAT, GAPDH reverse: CTGCCTGACGGCCAGG.[24 (link)] GAPDH gene was used as an internal control.