This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Pusan National University Hospital (IRB No. 2112-006-109), South Korea. Owing to the retrospective nature of the study, the IRB waived the need for patient consent.
In this study, patients with TED were enrolled at the Oculoplasty Clinic of Pusan National University Hospital between March 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020. When both eyes of a participant were eligible, the more severe eye was chosen for inclusion and data analysis.
Among 287 patients diagnosed with TED, 89 were enrolled and divided into two groups. One group showed responsiveness to steroid treatment (responsive) and the other showed no response to steroid treatment (unresponsive). Patients who were enrolled in this study satisfied all the following conditions: (1) a TED diagnosis based on the EUGOGO consensus and (2) patients who were in the active phase and moderate to severe category based on the CAS. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) treatment with other immunosuppressive therapies, decompression surgery, or radiotherapy within the previous 3 months or during IVMP therapy; (2) not having completed the full course of the IVMP treatment regimen; (3) incomplete ophthalmic assessment data and/or essential laboratory tests including free T4, T3, TSH, TRAb, and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI); and (4) patients with a previous medical history of glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, maculopathy, or strabismus.
The treatment protocol was as follows: IVMP was administered by an endocrinologist for 12 weeks. MP was injected weekly on the same day at a 0.5-g dose and a 0.25-g dose for the remaining 6 weeks. We monitored liver function and blood glucose levels regularly. Anti-thyroid drugs or thyroxine were used to restore and maintain euthyroidism. Individuals who smoked were advised to abstain from smoking.
In this study, patients with TED were enrolled at the Oculoplasty Clinic of Pusan National University Hospital between March 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020. When both eyes of a participant were eligible, the more severe eye was chosen for inclusion and data analysis.
Among 287 patients diagnosed with TED, 89 were enrolled and divided into two groups. One group showed responsiveness to steroid treatment (responsive) and the other showed no response to steroid treatment (unresponsive). Patients who were enrolled in this study satisfied all the following conditions: (1) a TED diagnosis based on the EUGOGO consensus and (2) patients who were in the active phase and moderate to severe category based on the CAS. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) treatment with other immunosuppressive therapies, decompression surgery, or radiotherapy within the previous 3 months or during IVMP therapy; (2) not having completed the full course of the IVMP treatment regimen; (3) incomplete ophthalmic assessment data and/or essential laboratory tests including free T4, T3, TSH, TRAb, and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI); and (4) patients with a previous medical history of glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, maculopathy, or strabismus.
The treatment protocol was as follows: IVMP was administered by an endocrinologist for 12 weeks. MP was injected weekly on the same day at a 0.5-g dose and a 0.25-g dose for the remaining 6 weeks. We monitored liver function and blood glucose levels regularly. Anti-thyroid drugs or thyroxine were used to restore and maintain euthyroidism. Individuals who smoked were advised to abstain from smoking.
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