The ChIP-PCR assay for the enrichment of β-catenin promoter in JMJD2C was performed as previously described (28 (link)) using a ChIP assay kit (cat. no. 17-10086; Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Briefly, cells were cultured to 90–100% confluence. After washing three times with PBS, cells were cross-linked with 1% formaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA), lysed with 2 ml lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.1/1% SDS/10 mM EDTA protease inhibitors) at 4°C, and sonicated 4×15 times at 4°C. The chromatin fragments were incubated with 3 µg affinity-purified antibodies against JMJD2C (cat. no. ab27532; Abcam) or IgG (cat. no. ab2410; Abcam) at 4°C overnight and precipitated using protein A/G beads (cat. no. sc-2002; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) coupled to magna beads. The DNA fragments were extracted using phenol/chloroform and used as templates for PCR. As to PCR, 1 µl from a 50 µl DNA extraction and 38 cycles of amplification were used. The primer sequences for the CTNNB1 promoter was as follows: Forward, 5′-GTAGAGACGGGGTTTCACCA-3′ and reverse, 5′-CCTGGGCAATAAGAGCAAAA-3′. cycle quantification was determined for both immunoprecipitated DNA and known amount of DNA from input sample using the 2−ΔΔCq method (22 (link)). The products were confirmed by 3% agarose gel electrophoresis. Each experiment was performed in triplicate.