PC-3 (CRL-1425), LNCaP (CRL-1740), and MDA PCa 2b (CRL-2422) cell lines were obtained from the American Type Tissue Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA) at the time of this work and authenticated by morphology, karyotyping, and short tandem repeat profiling-based approaches. Cell lines were also validated by ATCC for absence of mycoplasma contamination. PC-3 cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin and L-glutamine (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). LNCaP cells were grown in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium with 10% FBS and 1% L-glutamine (Thermo Fisher Scientific). MDA PCa 2b cells were maintained in BRFF-HPC1 medium (Athena ES, Baltimore, MD) supplemented with 20% FBS. RC77 T/E cell line11 (link) was maintained in Keratinocyte-SFM medium with epidermal growth factor 1–53 and bovine pituitary extract (Thermo Fisher Scientific) on plates coated with FNC coating mix (Athena ES). All cell lines were maintained at 37°C and 5% CO2.