H9 hESCs (WiCell) were maintained in mTeSR1 medium (Stem Cell Technologies) on Matrigel (BD Biosciences)-coated tissue culture plates. H9 cells were passaged every 5 days by ReLeSR (Stem Cell Technologies). For NPC differentiation, hESCs were passaged as single cells using Accutase (Life Technologies) on Matrigel with ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632, Millipore) and induced to differentiate with SB431542 (10 µM, Tocris Bioscience) and NOGGIN (200 ng/ml, PeproTech)52 (link). To derive MES, hESCs were plated on Matrigel-coated plates as single cells and induced to differentiate with mTeSR1 containing 5 ng/ml hBMP4 (R&D)59 (link).
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