Saliva was collected using sterile swabs (~200 µL), and a few milligrams of stool was collected in sterile pots containing a conservation medium (RNALater®, QIAGEN) [21 (link)] and stored at −70 °C until DNA extraction. Each child observed with malaria infection was offered a 3-day course of artemether/lumefantrine (Coartem® Lonart; Cipla, Mumbai, India).
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