The immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect the localization of PfAP2-EXP2 as described previously (Jing et al., 2018 (link)). Parasites were harvested, released, fixed by 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences) at room temperature for 10 min, and washed by PBS. Prepared samples were incubated with the primary antibodies against ty1 (Sigma, SAB4800032) or GFP (Abcam, ab290) at 1:500 to 1:1,000, followed by the secondary antibodies AlexaFluor 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (ThermoFisher Scientific, A11029) or AlexaFluor 568 goat anti-rabbit IgG (ThermoFisher Scientific, A11036) at 1:500. Preparations were visualized with a Nikon A1R microscope at 60-100 × magnification and images were acquired with NIS Elements software and processed using Adobe Photoshop.
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