Chrome barriers were deposited on quartz microscope slides via e-beam lithography and thermal evaporation, as described (63 (link), 84 (link)). Lipid bilayers were prepared with 91.5% 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 0.5% 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(cap biotinyl), and 8% 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanoloamine-N-[methoxy(polyethyleneglycol)-2,000] (Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc., catalog nos. 850375P, 870273P, and 880130P, respectively). Lipid bilayers were deposited in preformed flow chambers through sequential deposition of a lipid master mix in lipid buffer (20 mM Tris-Cl [pH 7.5], 100 mM NaCl).
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