In this study, corn stover was used without removal of leaves and other parts. Corn stover was collected from Shandong Province, China, which was screened to 40–60 mesh and extracted with toluene/ethanol (2:1, v/v) in Soxhlet extractor for 6 h, and the extractive-free samples were oven-dried at 50 °C for 24 h. The chemical compositions of corn stover, which was composed of 36.95% cellulose, 23.61% hemicellulose, 18.04% lignin, 8.80% ash and 12.60% other components, were determined according to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) method.
Reagents including all sugars (glucose, xylose), aluminum sulfate (E520) and dilute sulfuric acid (DA), formic acid (FA), acetic acid (AA), furfural (FF), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) were purchased from Aladdin Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Hydrolysis enzymes of Cellic CTec2 with a filter paper activity (FPU) of 138 FPU/mL in this work was purchased from Novozymes (Glendale, CA, USA) [35 (link)].
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