Comparison of Oral Cancer Cell Lines

The human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC-3 and OSC-19, which are high metastatic potential lines, were purchased from the Health Science Research Resources Bank (Japan Health Sciences Foundation, Tokyo, Japan)^{9 (link),46 (link)}. The human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SAT and HSC-4 were acquired from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (Osaka, Japan). The SAT cell line exhibits non-metastatic characteristics, whereas HSC-4 is characterized by a low rate of metastasis^{10 (link),24 (link)}. The human glioblastoma cell line LN229 was purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) (Virginia, USA). These cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM [High Glucose], WAKO, Osaka, Japan) supplemented with L-glutamine and phenol red or in sodium pyruvate medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin‒streptomycin and 1% L-glutamine. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGnF cells) and human oral keratinocytes were purchased from ScienCell Research Laboratories (CA, USA).