Workers were potentially eligible for this study if they met inclusion criteria by having (1) an accepted Washington State WC claim (either State Fund or self-insured) that (2) closed between January 1, 2018 and April 30, 2018 with (3) an associated PPD award. Prior to delivering contact information and administrative data for potentially eligible workers to the research team, L&I staff applied six exclusion criteria: (1) no valid phone number on record; (2) under age 18 when injured; (3) fatal or total permanent disability claims; (4) residence outside Washington State; (5) L&I employees and other confidentiality exclusions imposed by L&I; and (6) deceased workers. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, L&I staff identified 2,541 workers who were potentially eligible for the survey during the specified time period. This served as the initial sample frame. We attempted to interview all eligible workers in this sample, and no probability sampling was conducted. Two additional exclusion criteria could be determined only during eligibility screening by survey interviewers: (1) language or comprehension barrier; and (2) no return to work since the impairment, as determined by a worker’s affirmative response to the question, “Have you returned to work since the injury that caused your impairment or disability, even if only very briefly?” Although only workers who had returned to work were surveyed, eligibility questions were structured to allow for estimation of the percentage of workers with permanent impairment who had not returned to work at all since claim closure.