Blood samples were collected by venepuncture into vacutainers containing heparin (Sastedt AG, Germany). Complete blood differential counts were performed in whole blood using a haematology analyser (Sysmex XN-1000, Sysmex, Germany). Whole blood count data for mild COVID-19 infection patients were unavailable as they were not hospitalised. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by density centrifugation using Ficoll-Paque™ PLUS (GE Healthcare, UK) of diluted blood (1:1) in RPMI 1640 medium (Sigma Aldrich, Poole, UK), and overlayered blood was centrifuged for 30 min at 400 × g at 20 °C without brake [71 (link)]. Isolated PBMCs were frozen by resuspending cells in a freezing medium consisting of 10% DMSO (Sigma Aldrich) in heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS; Biosera, UK) and stored at -80°C until further analysis.
Other organizations :
Versus Arthritis, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, University of Liverpool, Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Oxford, University of London, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Imperial College London
Blood samples collected by venepuncture into vacutainers containing heparin
Diluted blood (1:1) in RPMI 1640 medium overlayered and centrifuged for 30 min at 400 × g at 20 °C without brake
Isolated PBMCs frozen by resuspending cells in a freezing medium consisting of 10% DMSO in heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS) and stored at -80°C
controls
No positive or negative controls explicitly mentioned
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