Carrageenan-induced Prostatitis and LESW

All experimental animals were randomly divided into five groups (N = 6 for each group): sham control group, 3% CAR-induced prostatitis group, 5% CAR-induced prostatitis group, and 5% CAR-induced prostatitis groups with LESW (100 or 300 pulses; 0.12 mJ/mm²; frequency of two pulses per second). The experimental animals were anesthetized with isoflurane (5% during induction and 2% during maintenance), and a small incision was made in the midline of the lower abdomen following a sterile technique. The bladder and the prostate were carefully exposed from the surrounding tissues. CAR (Sigma, MO, USA) was dissolved in 50 μL of sterile saline at concentrations of 3% or 5% and injected into the left and right ventral lobes of the prostate with a 30-gauge needle. The wound was closed in layers, and an antibacterial cream was applied to the wound. The sham control group received 50 μL of sterile saline injection.