Data were obtained by using the National health literacy monitoring questionnaire for 2020 issued by the Chinese Center for Health Education. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: (1) basic personal situation, (2) health literacy content, and (3) knowledge, attitude, practice for prevention and control of COVID-19 questionnaire. Based on the “Chinese Resident Health Literacy—Basic Knowledge and Skills (Trial)” and existing public health issues in China, the health literacy Sect. (56 questions) was further categorized into three aspects and six dimensions, total score of 73 points. The three aspects were (1) knowledge and attitudes (KAA), (2) health-related behaviour and lifestyle (BAL), and (3) health-related skills (HRS). The six dimensions were (1) scientific views of health (SVH), (2) infectious diseases (ID), (3) chronic diseases (CD), (4) safety and first aid (SAFA), (5) medical care (MC), and (6) health information (HI). An overall health literacy score was computed as the sum of all three aspects and six dimensions. The participants were divided into 2 categories: (1) people with inadequate health literacy (total health literacy score < 80% of the overall score, with a total score < 58 points) and (2) people with adequate health literacy (total health literacy score ≥ 80% of the overall score, with a total score ≥ 58 points).
The KAP for prevention and control of COVID-19 questionnaire covers the knowledge of prevention and control (11 items, single- or multiple-choice questions with “don’t know” option), the responsibility for the prevention and control of infectious disease transmission (6 items, yes/no multiple-choice questions), the evaluation for COVID-19-related information release and reporting (5 items, five-level single-choice questions), the evaluation for the government’s COVID-19 prevention and control results (one item, five-level single-choice question), and the practice concerning appropriate self-prevention and control behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak (7 items, yes/no multiple-choice questions).
The KAP for prevention and control of COVID-19 questionnaire covers the knowledge of prevention and control (11 items, single- or multiple-choice questions with “don’t know” option), the responsibility for the prevention and control of infectious disease transmission (6 items, yes/no multiple-choice questions), the evaluation for COVID-19-related information release and reporting (5 items, five-level single-choice questions), the evaluation for the government’s COVID-19 prevention and control results (one item, five-level single-choice question), and the practice concerning appropriate self-prevention and control behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak (7 items, yes/no multiple-choice questions).
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