XPS analysis was carried
out on a bioemulsifier film deposited
on a glass slide by using a PHI5600 photoelectron spectrometer (Physical
Electronics, Eden Prairie, MN, USA) to reveal the chemical states
of the elements in BSP-1–BSP-4 fractions. The emitted photoelectrons
were detected by a hemispherical analyzer set at an angle of 45°.
The total acquisition time was 2 min and 0.3 s. Core-level spectroscopy
with a constant pass energy mode of 20 eV was equipped with an energy
step size of 0.05 eV.26 (link) Data analysis was
performed by XPS PEAK 4.1 software.
out on a bioemulsifier film deposited
on a glass slide by using a PHI5600 photoelectron spectrometer (Physical
Electronics, Eden Prairie, MN, USA) to reveal the chemical states
of the elements in BSP-1–BSP-4 fractions. The emitted photoelectrons
were detected by a hemispherical analyzer set at an angle of 45°.
The total acquisition time was 2 min and 0.3 s. Core-level spectroscopy
with a constant pass energy mode of 20 eV was equipped with an energy
step size of 0.05 eV.26 (link) Data analysis was
performed by XPS PEAK 4.1 software.
