Chemicals were purchased from Sigma, UK, unless otherwise stated. The polyclonal antibody against Etx mutant Y30A-Y196A was raised in rabbits as described in ref. 51 (link). After electrophoretic separation purified Etx pore was detected by SimplyBlue staining (Invitrogen Ltd, Paisley, UK). Protein concentrations were determined using the Pierce™ BCA Protein Assay Kit (Fisher Scientific Ltd, Loughborough, UK). Synthetic oligonucleotides were sourced from Eurofins Genomics, Germany.
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