Cell lysates were prepared using complete lysis buffer (EMD Millipore, San Diego, CA) with protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktails (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN). Protein quantification was performed using DC protein assay (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA. Western blot analysis was performed as described previously (Goc, Al-Azayzih et al. 2013 (link), Gao, Al-Azayzih et al. 2015 (link)). Antibodies used include Src Tyr416, total-Src, Akt Ser473, total-Akt (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA) and anti- β-actin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO). Densitometry was done using NIH Image J software.